Jhumritelaiya is situated in the Koderma block of the Koderma district. Jhumritelaiya was given the status of Nagar parishad in the year 2010. The population of Jhumritelaiya is 87867 as per the census of 2011. The administrative area of Jhumritelaiya town is divided into 28 wards. Jhumri is the name of the original village in the area, which is now located in the city. The word "Telaiya" is the Hindi language word for a small lake, so it became Jhumritelaiya. The town located in 24°25’48” North Latitude and 85°31’12” East Longitude. It has an average elevation of 383 m (1,257 ft). It is located at a distance of 152 km from the state capital - Ranchi. It is situated about 8 km from Koderma town. Both the towns are closely linked. Jhumri Telaiya was once a major mica mining center, Also known as Abrak(Hindi of Mica) Nagri. The city was earlier a part of the Hazaribagh district, and was transferred to the newly created Koderma district on 10 April 1994.
Originally a little-known town, Jhumritelaiya became famous in India in 1957 owing to its connection with Vividh Bharati, a nationally broadcast radio service of the All India Radio.. The largest number of requests for film songs addressed to the channel came from Jhumritelaiya. Koderma Railway station in Jhumri Telaiya is on the Grand Chord railway line connecting Calcutta and Delhi via Dhanbad. The town is accessible via the National highway 31, which is popularly known as Ranchi-Patna Road. It is located 23 km away from the Grand Trunk Road. The nearest airport is Ranchi (162 km), the capital of the Jharkhand state. Patna, the capital of Bihar state, is situated 175 km away from the town. This city was once a major mica mining centre. Although the mica mining activity has declined, Jhumritelaiya still remains an important mica centre in the Koderma-Hazaribagh Industrial area. Telaiya dam is famous tourist place which is located 18 km away from the city and sainik school telaiya is also located nearby dam. Jhumritelaiya has become incubator for small scale industries because of its proximity to easy access to minerals, good road-rail connectivity and good power infrastructure. The Jhanda Chowk is the main commercial center of the town.